How to combine quality and efficiency with high efficiency in turning

After mastering the parameter differences between rough and fine machining, the core is to achieve a balance of the three major process parameters and avoid problems such as low efficiency, poor quality, and high cost. Based on years of practical experience in turning machining, Nicheng has summarized four core practical strategies to assist enterprises in optimizing processes and enhancing machining competitiveness.

Strategy 1: Allocate surplus as needed to avoid waste and scrapping

Based on the material and dimensional accuracy requirements of the workpiece, as well as the condition of the blank, develop a reasonable allowance allocation plan - if the blank error is large and the material is hard, increase the rough machining allowance appropriately; High precision is required, the material is relatively soft, and the margin for precision machining is moderately reduced. Nicheng will conduct actual measurements on the blank before processing, reserve a safe margin, and increase the rough turning margin in advance for the heat-treated workpiece to avoid deformation during heat treatment and reduce the scrap rate due to insufficient precision turning margin.

Strategy 2: Collaborative optimization of cutting parameters, balancing efficiency and accuracy

Collaborative adjustment of cutting depth, feed rate, and cutting speed to avoid problems caused by unreasonable single parameters: when rough turning, prioritize increasing cutting depth and reducing tool feed times; During precision machining, priority should be given to reducing the feed rate and increasing the cutting speed to ensure that the surface roughness meets the standard. For example, when machining precision shafts made of 45 # steel, Richeng used a single-sided cutting depth of 3mm, a feed rate of 0.5mm/r, and a cutting speed of 80m/min for rough turning, and a single-sided cutting depth of 0.2mm, a feed rate of 0.1mm/r, and a cutting speed of 150m/min for fine turning. This not only ensures machining efficiency but also achieves a surface roughness of Ra1.6 μ m, meeting the requirements of precision fitting.

Strategy 3: Reasonably choose cutting tools, reduce losses, and improve quality

The cutting tool is the core tool for turning machining, and the choice of cutting tool directly affects the cutting depth, surface roughness, and machining efficiency. For rough machining, hard alloy cutting tools with strong rigidity and good wear resistance (such as YT15, YT30) can be selected, which are suitable for deep cutting; Jingche can choose sharp and high-precision cutting tools (such as PCD tools, CBN tools), combined with TiAlN coating, to reduce tool wear and improve surface smoothness. Nicheng will accurately select cutting tools based on processing materials and process requirements, while optimizing tool geometric parameters. For rough turning, a large lead angle (75 ° -90 °) is used to reduce radial cutting force, while for fine turning, a small lead angle (45 ° -60 °) is used to improve surface quality.

Strategy 4: Strengthen process control and adjust parameters in a timely manner

During the processing, real-time observation of the surface quality of the workpiece, tool wear, and machine tool operation status is necessary to adjust process parameters in a timely manner. For example, if the tool wears out too quickly during rough machining, the cutting depth and feed rate can be appropriately reduced; If there are knife marks on the surface during precision machining, the feed rate can be reduced, the cutting speed can be increased, or sharp cutting tools can be replaced. Nicheng has established a comprehensive process control system, equipped with professional technical personnel to monitor the entire processing process, promptly solve process problems, and ensure processing stability.